The Aptly-Named Tailorbirds Are Extraordinary Seamstresses

By - 477 words

Language

Reading Level

Listen to Article

The tiny tailorbirds are endemic to tropical countries worldwide (Credit: Shantanu Kuveskar / CC BY-SA 4.0/ Creativecommons.org)

For most birds, nest-building entails creating a bowl-shaped receptacle of twigs and dry leaves. However, don't tell that to the common tailorbird (Orthotomus sutorius). The tiny birds, found in urban gardens across tropical ecosystems worldwide, go through extraordinary lengths to sew together a comfortable and safe home for their offspring.

The meticulous nest construction is a joint effort, with the females doing the stitching and the males fetching the material. The process begins with the female choosing a broad, durable, and supple leaf, preferably amid dense foliage and vegetation, to ensure the nest and eggs are camouflaged from predators. Upon finding the appropriate leaf, she wraps it around herself to ensure it is the right size, and adds an additional leaf or two if needed.

The nests are carefully sewn together by the female birds and then padded with soft grass and twigs (Credit: J.M.Garg / CC BY-SA -3.0/ Creativecommons.org)

Then begins the fascinating process of sewing the nest together. The tiny seamstress holds the leaf (or leaves) with her feet and then uses her long and slender needle-shaped beak to pierce a series of holes along the edge. The tiny perforations are designed to ensure the leaf holds its shape and doesn't brown. The female then selects, from among the materials fetched by the male, the perfect thread to stitch the leaf or leaves into shape. These range from plant fibers (such as cotton or lint) to silk from insects (such as cobwebs or caterpillar cocoons).

Each nest takes between two to four days to construct (Credit: Adityamadhav83 / CC BY-SA 3.0/ Creativecommons.org)

Though the resulting structure may appear fragile to the human eye, each nest contains between 150 to 200 stitches, making it almost impossible for the leaf to unravel. The sutures, which act like rivets and hold the leaf edges together, give the nest the shape of a deep cup, which is then lined with soft material to provide insulation for the baby chicks. The nest opening is draped with more leaves to protect the young birds from monsoon rains and harsh sun.

The North American hummingbird creates luxurious nests using plant fibers, downy feathers, and animal hair (Credit: Steve Berardi / CC BY-SA-2.0/Creativecommons.org)

Building the unique nests can take female tailorbirds anywhere from two to four days, depending on the setbacks encountered. These range from relatively minor ones, such as the "thread" breaking, to more catastrophic ones, such as leaf tears. In some cases, the issue can be easily resolved by selecting another thread or attaching a second leaf to the structure. However, if the damage is severe, the nest is abandoned and the arduous task restarted.

South American ovenbirds build dome-shaped nests using mud and manure (Credit: Charles J Sharp /CC BY-SA-4.0/ Creativecommons.org)

Tailorbirds are not the only avians who go through incredible lengths to build nests to protect their offspring. The industrious weaver birds braid grass leaves into intricate gourd-shaped nests, while the North American hummingbirds build their luxurious homes by binding together plant fibers, downy feathers, and animal hair with spider silk. The minimalist White Tern avoids building nests altogether, and instead lays its single egg on the knot or crook of a tree branch, while the South American ovenbirds use mud and manure to construct dome-shaped structures that resemble an old wood-fired oven.

Resources: birdlife.org, thainationalparks.com, thenhm.ac.uk

Workbook

Get the Workbook for this article!

Workbook contains: Article, Reading Comprehension, Critical Thinking Questions, Vocabulary in Context (+ answers), Multiple Choice Quiz (+ answers), Parts of Speech Quiz (+ answers), Vocabulary Game (+ answers)
Cite Article
Learn Keywords in this Article
153 Comments
  • sunshine2010
    sunshine2010over 4 years
    Well I also wanted to say that be safe from this Corona virus and remember always wash your hands for 20 seconds before eating and after visiting the toilet
    • sunshine2010
      sunshine2010over 4 years
      Um........... hey may anyone want to follow me and can someone be my friend ? I only have 1 follower which is Charlie berry. Thanks Charlie berry
      • ipsbrooke07
        ipsbrooke07over 4 years
        Sure, I'll be happy to be friends and follow you and follow me back too!
        • lpsbrooklyn13
          lpsbrooklyn13over 4 years
          Awwww you seem so kind! I'll follow you, but first can you follow me? Thanks! If course I'll be friends with you!
        • moonlightwolf
          moonlightwolfover 4 years
          This bird is the coolest bird that I have ever seen!! Follow me if you agree!!
          • smartjerry238
            smartjerry238over 4 years
            Extra cool!
            • glowinq_stxrs
              glowinq_stxrsover 4 years
              This is so... COOL!
              • 4usa
                4usaover 4 years
                That is wild🐦
                • violetpiolet209
                  violetpiolet209over 4 years
                  This is my spirit bird 🐦
                • lpscollie01
                  lpscollie01over 4 years
                  to @bookstory13: yeah, I found dogonews and dogobooks to entertain me, also some amazing friends, like you! youre the best. also i'm saying this because my computer is glitchy and I cant reply lol and I love your avatar, too. I love the blue background that matches the eyes, and I love the hairstyle!
                  • bookstory14
                    bookstory14over 4 years
                    @frostfur_182 Thank you! It's fine that your computer is glitchy. :) This is my old avatar (I usually cycle though), but I love it so much! Thank you!
                  • lpscollie01
                    lpscollie01over 4 years
                    sorry I meant stay away from sick people. Shout out to @bookstory13 for being amazing and kind, and I hope we can be BFFs, even if i'm on a lower rank ;)
                    • bookstory14
                      bookstory14over 4 years
                      @frostfur_182 Thank you for the shout out! Also lol I don't pay attention to ranks when it comes to friends. Of course we can be friends!!
                    • unipup_dogonews
                      unipup_dogonewsover 4 years
                      Wow guys, this bird is so cool! Pls follow me if you agree, I am trying to get 50 followers! If you follow me I will follow you!